There are many physical methods to prevent fertilization during intercourse. They are;
? Barrier methods: The barrier method is most popular in males, they include condom. The condom is made of polyurethane or latex. This rubber or latex sheath covers the penis region and prevents the entry of the semen into the vaginal cavity. The female condoms are also available with two flexible rings at the ends. One end remains in the pubic bone, while the other end outside the vagina.
? Hormonal methods: These are the one of the birth preventive methods used in vivo, prevention of fertilization is done by hormones. They include Monophasic pill, biphasic pill, and mini pills. These pills are used by the women, before involving in coitus. The pills are made of synthetic hormones mimicking the natural female hormones. The female hormones are estrogen and progesterone. The major side effects of using this method are increased blood flow and increased pain during menstrual cycle.
? Emergency contraception: The emergency contraception is taken when the pregnancy is unplanned. This should not be used by the pregnant women, as the muscles get contracted.
? Intrauterine methods: They include use of devices to prevent the entry of the semen or penis into it. The device is in T-shaped which is made of copper or coated with progesterone.
? Sterilization: This includes fallopian tube ligation surgically; this helps in prevention of fertilization of egg with sperm. If complications like bleeding, or pain.
? Estrogen receptor modulator.
Missing a pill increases your chances more to become pregnant.
If you miss any one of the active pill then immediately take the dose as soon as you remember or take the missed pill at the time of your next day daily schedule dose. You should not require using back up birth control.
If you miss two active pills in a row or in week one or two, you have to take two pills each for the next two daily schedule doses (i.e. one missed tablet with one daily scheduled pill for tow days in two rows). Make use of an addition form of birth control for at least seven days subsequent to the missed pills.
If you miss any two active pills in a row in third week, or if you miss any three pills in a row all through the first three weeks, then throw out the balance pack and begin with a new pack on the same day if are a Day 1 starter. If you started taking of that pill, then continue taking that pill up to Sunday.
If you miss any one of the reminder pills in the fourth week, than skip that dose and directly take the next one.
In you miss any pill; you may have a chance of being a pregnant if you have sexual intercourse in the seven days after the pill you have missed. You have to use another birth control method as a support for those seven days.
Emergency contraception is also a method which can be used to protect from pregnancy. It can be purchased without a prescription and are available over the counter. This is mostly used by the women whose age is 20 and above. Girls below 20 years can purchase Emergency Contraceptive only on the advice of your health care provider.
This is also called as “Morning after the pill”. Emergency contraceptive should be taken within 5 days after having sexual intercourse. This would be effective if taken soon after the unprotected sex. A woman can use this pill if she follows under below categories:
- You can have this pill if you did not use any condom for protection while having sexual intercourse.
- You can have this pill, if you have missed out to have your birth control pills.
- You should take this pill, if the condom did not work properly.
- You can have this pill, if you are raped.
Emergency Contraceptive pill uses more dosage of the birth control pills. Let it be a progestin or a combination of both estrogen and progestin. These pills work by breaking the hormonal cycle and it also prevents ovulation. At the time of menstrual cycle, taking emergency contraceptive would not be effective.
This pill is not effective for the woman who is already a pregnant. This does not lead to any sort of abortion.
Usage of Emergency Contraception Pill
There are 2 types of emergency contraception pills; Next choice and regular birth control pills.
1. Next Choice which is also called Plan B one step is one of the best choices. It is the pill made only for emergency contraception. This pill contains only one type of hormone called progestin which is a female hormone. It comes in a pack of one or 2 pills.
2. The second type uses the normal birth control pills which have both the male and the female hormones called estrogen and progestin. 2 doses would be given. Second dose would be given after 12 hours of taking the first dose. If it’s a teenager, it would be better for her to speak to the doctor and then proceed further.
Hormonal Contraceptives are very popular due to its usage among the teenagers. To use this type of contraceptives, we must and should have a prescription from the doctor as there would be few side effects in older women and with heart patients. There are 2 major hormonal contraceptives; Injectable hormonal contraceptive and the contraceptive pill. If these are used in a correct way it is the best method of avoiding pregnancy. Keep in mind that it does not protect us from sexually transmitted diseases. In few countries, contraceptive rings that fit in Vagina and patches that can be sticked on the skin are also available.
Injectable Hormonal Contraceptive: Depo-Provera is one of the popular forms of Injectable Hormonal Contraceptive, where the girl gets injected once in every 4 months. The injection has female hormones known as Progestogen. This injection works in a similar way to the Progestogen pill. Advantage is that prevents you from getting pregnant and the disadvantage is that you are not protected from sexually transmitted diseases.
The Contraceptive Pill: It is sometimes called as a birth control pill. People sometimes tell that they are going on the pill. That means they are using oral contraceptive pill as a Hormonal method of contraception. This comes in the form of a pill and can be swallowed. This pill contains hormones. There is one more pill called the combined pill which has both the male hormones (Estrogen) as well as the female hormones (Progestogen). The combined pill does not stop the periods but only stops the release of the egg.
The other type of pill will have only the female hormones. It thickens mucus. Hence it does not allow the sperm to meet the egg.
Normally, a girl should take one pill every day for 21 days. Then she does not take the pill at the time of period. Once her period is done, she again continues having the Contraceptive pill.
If you stop taking the pill, or if not taken correctly, chances are there to become a pregnant. This is very effective method of contraception if taken correctly. It does not protect you from HIV and AIDS. This pill should be used along with the male condom for a better success.
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A women who is sexually active and is fertile (i.e. is able to get pregnant) needs to use some method of birth control (contraception) if she is not yet ready for a family. One of the most common contraceptives is pills. But women are often under a dilemma if these pills are good for their health.
Nothing is perfect in this world. These pills too have some side effects, but they also have a brighter side to them. I have listed few such benefits of birth control pills:
Highly successful and reversible contraception:
Birth Control pills provide 99% success rate. They are also highly reliable as they have been proven to be effective even when the woman skips a pill occasionally.
Regulating Menstrual Cycle:
Women who complain of too often or too irregular periods, heavy or lighter flow of blood or longer or shorter periods, can use these pills as they regulate the menstrual cycle.
Decrease loss of blood:
The amount of blood a woman loses each month during periods can be reduced by these pills, thus preventing iron deficiency and anemia.
Reduces the risk of ovarian cysts:
An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled growth which develops in the ovary during ovulation. Birth control pills prevent ovulation, thus reducing the risk of ovarian cysts.
Prevents pelvic inflammatory diseases:
A bacterial infection in the fallopian tubes and uterus causes severe pain and can result in infertility. Birth control pills to some extent prevent this from happening.
Improves Acne:
The hormones in the birth control pills can prevent acne thus giving you a clear and glowing skin.
Prevents osteoporosis:
Osteoporosis, a condition in which gradual weakening of the bones takes place. It can be prevented by birth control pills as they regulate the hormones.
Thus, birth control pills do have quite a few benefits besides preventing pregnancy. However, it is always recommend that these pills should be consumed only under medical supervision and the woman should take a pill each day without fail.
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